Hot Baths May Offer Unique Anti-Inflammatory Benefits Compared to Saunas
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New research from the University of Oregon directly compared the physiological effects of different heat therapies. While saunas and hot tubs both increase heart rate and blood flow, only hot-water immersion triggered a measurable inflammatory response, which may be linked to long-term health benefits. The findings help clarify how different heat exposures affect the body.
Facts First
- Hot water immersion raised core body temperature most effectively compared to dry heat or far-infrared saunas.
- Only hot tub soaking produced a measurable inflammatory response, as seen in immune cell and cytokine levels.
- Both saunas and hot tubs increase heart rate and blood flow, mimicking some benefits of exercise.
- The study monitored 20 young, active adults across three heat therapies.
- Research suggests longer, more frequent sessions may be the most beneficial way to use saunas.
What Happened
Researchers from the University of Oregon published a study in the American Journal of Physiology comparing three heat therapies: hot tubs, dry heat saunas, and far-infrared saunas. They monitored 10 men and 10 women, aged 20 to 28, who exercise regularly, measuring body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and immune markers before, during, and after each session. Hot water immersion was the most impactful method for increasing core body temperature, which in turn increases blood flow. Only hot-water immersion produced an inflammatory response, measured by levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cell populations.
Why this Matters to You
If you use heat therapy for recovery or general wellness, this research suggests different methods may have distinct effects. A hot bath might uniquely trigger your body's anti-inflammatory pathways, which could be beneficial for long-term health. Both saunas and hot tubs can increase your heart rate, potentially offering some cardiovascular benefits similar to mild exercise, with hot tubs doing so more quickly. This could make heat therapy a more accessible option for supporting heart health.
What's Next
The study's lead author, Jessica Atencio, and Professor Christopher Minson... may conduct further research to understand how these effects translate to long-term health outcomes. Future studies could explore these physiological responses in different populations, such as older adults or those with specific health conditions. The findings could help refine personalized recommendations for using heat therapy for recovery and longevity.